{"id":3677,"date":"2024-04-02T22:22:34","date_gmt":"2024-04-02T22:22:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=3677"},"modified":"2024-05-20T21:32:20","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T21:32:20","slug":"marxin-devlet-teorisi-cinin-xi-jinping-doneminde-marksist-devlet-teorisi-ve-pratiginde-sagladigi-derinlesme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=3677","title":{"rendered":"Marx\u2019\u0131n Devlet Teorisi: \u00c7in\u2019in Xi Jinping D\u00f6neminde Marksist Devlet Teorisi ve Prati\u011finde Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Derinle\u015fme"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Marx\u2019\u0131n Devlet Teorisi: \u00c7in\u2019in Xi Jinping D\u00f6neminde Marksist Devlet Teorisi ve Prati\u011finde Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Derinle\u015fme<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Deniz K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7e\u00e7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Makale Yay\u0131n Y\u0131l\u0131: 2021<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu: Marx\u2019\u0131n De\u011fersel Hedefi; Marx\u2019\u0131n Bu G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u00d6nemi  <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marx\u2019\u0131n Politik Kurtulu\u015f, Toplumsal Kurtulu\u015f ve \u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu Kavramlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Tarihsel, Mant\u0131ksal ve Ger\u00e7eklik A\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Ba\u011flar ve Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marx\u2019\u0131n Paris i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin 1848 Devriminde Ortaya Att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSosyal Cumhuriyet\u201d Slogan\u0131na Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marx\u2019a G\u00f6re Paris Kom\u00fcn\u00fc ve Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Proletarya Diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Devletini \u00dcstlenmesi Gereken Toplumsal Kurtulu\u015f G\u00f6revi\u2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marx\u2019\u0131n Devlet Teorisinde Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00dc\u00e7 A\u015fama: Rasyonel Devlet (Devlet Akl\u0131) G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden<\/strong>, \u00d6nce Modern Burjuva Devletin \u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015funu Engelledi\u011fi G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc En Sonunda da Proletarya Devletinin Toplumsal Kurtulu\u015f ve \u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu Misyonlar\u0131n\u0131 Birlikte \u00dcstlenmesi G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc Savundu<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marksizmin b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fc, insan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesi de\u011fer hedefinin Marx’\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011fretileri i\u00e7inde k\u0131z\u0131l bir \u015ferit gibi i\u00e7kin oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finde yatmaktad\u0131r. Marx’\u0131n en son ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet teorisini ancak “insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele” d\u00fczeyinden anlayarak, onun devlet \u00fczerine derin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek anlamda kavrayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu amac\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisi “olumlama – olumsuzlama – olumsuzlaman\u0131n olumsuzlanmas\u0131” \u015feklinde evrimsel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir ve bu nedenle Marx\u2019\u0131n devlet teorisi yaln\u0131zca “rasyonel devlet”, “modern burjuva devleti” ve “proleter devlet” bili\u015fsel ufkuna sahip olmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda politik kurtulu\u015f, toplumsal kurtulu\u015f ve insan bireyselli\u011finin kurtulu\u015fu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisi, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda Xi Jinping ile ba\u015flayan yeni d\u00f6nemde \u00c7in’de devlet y\u00f6neti\u015fiminin modernle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6neme ve ilham kayna\u011f\u0131na sahiptir: Devlet y\u00f6neti\u015fiminin modernle\u015fmesi, hem niceliksel hem de niteliksel olarak ikili bir belirleyicili\u011fe sahiptir ve tek bir alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden ziyade devletin y\u00f6neti\u015fim sisteminin sistemik bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr ve devlet ile birey aras\u0131nda optimal olumlu bir etkile\u015fimin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131n temel dayanak noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in Kom\u00fcnist Partisi Merkez Komitesi’nin 19. \u00c7KP Merkez Komitesi D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Genel Oturumu’nda (28-31 Ekim 2019) kabul edilen \u00c7in\u2019e \u00d6zg\u00fc Sosyalist Sistemi Y\u00fcksekte Tutal\u0131m ve Sistemin M\u00fckemmelle\u015ftirilmesi ile Devlet Y\u00f6neti\u015fim Sisteminin ve Y\u00f6neti\u015fim Kapasitesinin Modernle\u015fmesi ile \u0130lgili Baz\u0131 \u00d6nemli Konulara \u0130li\u015fkin Karar” bu alanda yeni bir ad\u0131m atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu karar Marksist devlet teorisinin yeni bir geli\u015fimi” olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bkz. Xi Jinping devlet y\u00f6neti\u015fimi \u00fczerine Merkez Komitesi konu\u015fmas\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/en.qstheory.cn\/2022-01\/28\/c_696684.htm<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Makaleye Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisi ile \u00c7in\u2019de yeni d\u00f6nemde uygulanan y\u00f6netim stratejisi aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri tart\u0131\u015fan akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Marx’\u0131n devletin tarihsel, s\u0131n\u0131fsal ve kamusal do\u011fas\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini dikkate almas\u0131 ve yorumlamas\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisinin \u00f6zne referans\u0131n\u0131 ve de\u011fer y\u00f6nelimini, ve Marx’\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi boyunca bir k\u0131z\u0131l \u015ferit gibi i\u00e7erilen “insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu ” gibi Marx\u2019\u0131n savundu\u011fu en y\u00fcksek idealden hareketle tart\u0131\u015fmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xi Jinping’in Marx’\u0131n do\u011fumunun 200. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc anma konferans\u0131nda belirtti\u011fi gibi: Marksizm, insan-y\u00f6nelimli bir teoridir, <\/strong>insanlar\u0131n kendi \u00f6z-kurtulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00e7abalar\u0131 ile elde edebilmeleri i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f olan ilk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemidir. Marksizm, \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 ve derinlikli bir yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, tek bir c\u00fcmle i\u00e7inde \u00f6zetlenebilir \u2013 insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesinin (kurtulu\u015funun) pe\u015finde olmak.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marksizmin teorik sistemi, bu teorik sistem etkileyici bir g\u00fcndo\u011fumu gibi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u2026 kendi kurtulu\u015funu arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolu ayd\u0131nlat\u0131r. (Xi Jinping)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u0130nsan\u0131n kurtulu\u015funu” \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 olarak ele alan bu makale, Marksizmin geli\u015fim tarihine dayanarak Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisinde “devlet” ve “insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu” aras\u0131ndaki diyalektik ili\u015fkiyi kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131rmakta ve Marx’\u0131n devlet teorisinde yer alan “insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015funu” kavram\u0131n\u0131n kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcnsel y\u00f6nlerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, \u00c7in\u2019de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz yeni d\u00f6nemde Partimizin devlet y\u00f6neti\u015fiminin modernle\u015fmesi teorik \u00f6nermesinin daha derinlemesine anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pratik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6l\u00fcm I. Marx’\u0131n “devlet” ile “insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu” aras\u0131ndaki diyalektik ili\u015fki ve Marx\u2019\u0131n devlet teorisinin evrimi \u00fczerine  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marx’\u0131n “devlet” ile “insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu” aras\u0131ndaki diyalektik ili\u015fkiye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmesi bir gecede ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi. Marx, Rheinische Zeitung Gazetesinde edit\u00f6r olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu u\u011fruna m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in ilk \u00f6nce Hegel’in “rasyonel devlet” (Vernunftstaat) kavram\u0131na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan \u201cYahudi Sorunu \u00dczerine\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde burjuva devletinin insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015funu s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ele\u015ftirisine ge\u00e7ti ve daha sonra Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto’dan sonra devletin (proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn) insan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu i\u00e7in \u00f6neminin yeniden ke\u015ffetmesine do\u011fru ilerleyen bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel evrim ge\u00e7irdi. Marx, Olumlama, olumsuzlama ve olumsuzlaman\u0131n olumsuzlanmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan evrimsel bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Marx ayn\u0131 zamanda Marx\u2019\u0131n Paris i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin 1848 Devriminde Ortaya Att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSosyal Cumhuriyet\u201d slogan\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek, proleter devletin toplumsal kurtulu\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenmesi gereken g\u00f6revleri tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yazar, Wu Haijiang (1961-), Fudan \u00dcniversitesi Marksizm Okulu’nda profes\u00f6r ve doktora dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131, dekan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, esas olarak Marksizmin temel teorileri ve Marksizm ve modern uygarl\u0131k \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci yazar, Liu Chao (1994-), Fudan \u00dcniversitesi, Marksizm Okulu’nda doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi ve esas olarak Marksist devlet teorisi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu: Marx\u2019\u0131n De\u011fersel Hedefi; Marx\u2019\u0131n Bu G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u00d6nemi <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngilizce olarak okuyabilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

marksizm-devlet-marxism-org-yazisi<\/a>\u0130ndir<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Marx\u2019\u0131n Devlet Teorisi: \u00c7in\u2019in Xi Jinping D\u00f6neminde Marksist Devlet Teorisi ve Prati\u011finde Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Derinle\u015fme Deniz K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7e\u00e7 Makale Yay\u0131n Y\u0131l\u0131: 2021 \u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu: Marx\u2019\u0131n De\u011fersel Hedefi; Marx\u2019\u0131n Bu G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u00d6nemi   Marx\u2019\u0131n Politik Kurtulu\u015f, Toplumsal Kurtulu\u015f ve \u0130nsan\u0131n Kurtulu\u015fu Kavramlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Tarihsel, Mant\u0131ksal ve Ger\u00e7eklik A\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Ba\u011flar ve Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u2026 Marx\u2019\u0131n Paris i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin 1848 Devriminde Ortaya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dunya-sosyalizmi"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3677"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4053,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions\/4053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}