{"id":4673,"date":"2024-10-28T10:28:32","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T10:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=4673"},"modified":"2025-11-04T19:16:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T19:16:36","slug":"lenin-kapitalizm-ve-toplumsal-tuketim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=4673","title":{"rendered":"Lenin: Kapitalizm ve Toplumsal T\u00fcketim"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lenin: Kapitalizm ve Toplumsal T\u00fcketim<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\">\u00c7eviren: Ferdi Bekir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1036555564_0_87_2436_1457_1920x0_80_0_0_8ef55f0083954d122cadb917b4e85fc6.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\" style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\"><strong><em>20 Temmuz 1912<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\">Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde Frans\u0131z <em>La Revue scientifique<\/em> dergisi \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerdeki margarin \u00fcretimine ili\u015fkin veriler yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu veriler, kapitalizm geli\u015ftik\u00e7e halk\u0131n beslenmesinin k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini bir kez daha hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<br><br>Herkesin bildi\u011fi gibi margarin, \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6ntemle i\u015flenen (stearinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131) ya\u011fd\u0131r. Bundan margarin ya\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen yapay bir madde yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br><br>Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde margarin \u00fcretimi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Almanya y\u0131lda 12.5 milyon pud<a id=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>, \u0130ngiltere 7.5 milyon pud, vb. \u00fcretmektedir.<br><br>Margarin ger\u00e7ek tereya\u011f\u0131ndan daha ucuzdur. Tereya\u011f\u0131, kapitalist \u00fclkelerdeki n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00e7ok pahal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler o kadar az kazan\u0131yor ki, ucuz ve kalitesiz g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sat\u0131n almak zorunda kal\u0131yorlar. Yine de i\u015f\u00e7iler toplumdaki ba\u015fl\u0131ca t\u00fcketicilerdir. Milyonlarca i\u015f\u00e7i varken sadece y\u00fczlerce kapitalist vard\u0131r. Ve b\u00f6ylece ucuz kalitesiz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretimi, bir avu\u00e7 milyonerin duyulmam\u0131\u015f l\u00fcks\u00fcyle birlikte her g\u00fcn ve her saat artmaktad\u0131r.<br><br>Burjuvazinin zenginli\u011fi art\u0131yor. Proletaryan\u0131n ve mahvolmakta olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck m\u00fclk sahipleri, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, zanaatk\u00e2rlar ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck t\u00fcccarlar kitlesinin yoksullu\u011fu ve yoksunlu\u011fu da \u00f6yle.<br><br>Margarin t\u00fcketiminin, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda kaliteli, do\u011fal tereya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcreticisi olarak \u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Margarin t\u00fcketiminin ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in, ilgili \u00fclkede \u00fcretilen t\u00fcm margarin miktar\u0131n\u0131 (ithalat eklenir ve ihracat \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r) n\u00fcfus say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6lmek gerekir. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re en b\u00fcy\u00fck margarin t\u00fcketicisi ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na y\u0131lda 16.4 kilogram (yakla\u015f\u0131k bir pud) ile Danimarka&#8217;d\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan Norve\u00e7 15, Almanya 7.5 vb. gelmektedir.<br><br>Danimarka, tereya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en zengin \u00fclkedir. Danimarka tereya\u011f\u0131 -ger\u00e7ek tereya\u011f\u0131- en kaliteli teraya\u011flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en zengin \u015fehri olan Londra (banliy\u00f6lerle birlikte n\u00fcfusu yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 milyondur), Danimarka tereya\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in en y\u00fcksek fiyat\u0131 \u00f6der.<br>Danimarkal\u0131 varl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, ama \u00f6zellikle de Danimarkal\u0131 kapitalistler tereya\u011f\u0131 ticaretinden b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar kazan\u0131yor. Yine de Danimarka d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sahte tereya\u011f\u0131, margarin t\u00fcketicisidir!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\">Bunun sebebi nedir?<br>\u00c7ok basit. Danimarka n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, di\u011fer t\u00fcm kapitalist \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi, i\u015f\u00e7ilerden ve m\u00fclks\u00fcz k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Onlar ger\u00e7ek tereya\u011f\u0131 alamazlar. Danimarka&#8217;daki orta k\u00f6yl\u00fcler bile paraya ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131ndan, \u00e7iftliklerinde \u00fcrettikleri tereya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131p kendileri i\u00e7in ucuz margarin sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlar. Danimarkal\u0131 kapitalistlerin zenginli\u011fi artarken, Danimarkal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin yoksullu\u011fu ve yoksunlu\u011fu da art\u0131yor.<br><br>Ayn\u0131 \u015fey burada, Rusya&#8217;da da ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k k\u0131rk y\u0131l \u00f6nce, k\u0131rsal kesimde peynir mand\u0131ralar\u0131 ve arteller kurmak moda oldu\u011funda, demokrat bir yazar olan Engelhardt, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin paraya ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131ndan, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6l\u00fcrken s\u00fctlerini ve tereya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 satt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<br><br>Bu ger\u00e7ek o zamandan beri pek \u00e7ok kez dile getirilmi\u015ftir. Peynir \u00fcretimi art\u0131yor, s\u00fct \u00fcretimi art\u0131yor ve birka\u00e7 varl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve t\u00fcccar zenginle\u015firken yoksullar daha da yoksulla\u015f\u0131yor. S\u00fcts\u00fcz kalan yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 muazzam say\u0131da \u00f6l\u00fcyor. Rusya&#8217;da \u00e7ocuk \u00f6l\u00fcmleri inan\u0131lmaz derecede y\u00fcksektir.<br><br>\u00c7o\u011fu zaman s\u00fct peynir mand\u0131ralar\u0131na sat\u0131l\u0131yor ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcler de kendileri i\u00e7in ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u00fct al\u0131yorlar.<br><br>Zenginler b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00fcretim ve ticaretten elde ettikleri k\u00e2ra sahip olurken, i\u015f\u00e7iler ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcler margarin ve ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u00fcte sahip oluyor. Liberal akademisyenlerin s\u00fcslemek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7aba sarf etti\u011fi kapitalist ger\u00e7eklik i\u015fte budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\" style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1912\/jul\/20.htm\"><em>Pravda Say\u0131 70, 20 Temmuz 1912<br><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:clamp(16.834px, 1.052rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.716), 26px);\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> 1 Pud: 16.38 kilogram<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lenin: Kapitalizm ve Toplumsal T\u00fcketim \u00c7eviren: Ferdi Bekir 20 Temmuz 1912 Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde Frans\u0131z La Revue scientifique dergisi \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerdeki margarin \u00fcretimine ili\u015fkin veriler yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu veriler, kapitalizm geli\u015ftik\u00e7e halk\u0131n beslenmesinin k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini bir kez daha hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Herkesin bildi\u011fi gibi margarin, \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6ntemle i\u015flenen (stearinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131) ya\u011fd\u0131r. Bundan margarin ya\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen yapay bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-klasikler"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4673"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4673\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5942,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4673\/revisions\/5942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}