{"id":6104,"date":"2026-01-06T13:53:39","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T13:53:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6104"},"modified":"2026-01-08T00:47:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T00:47:52","slug":"cinin-venezuelayi-kartala-teslim-ettigi-dogru-degil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6104","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in’in Venezuela’y\u0131 Kartala Teslim Etti\u011fi Do\u011fru De\u011fil!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c7in’in Venezuela’y\u0131 Kartala Teslim Etti\u011fi Do\u011fru De\u011fil!<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Vladimir Vercinga, Rusya Fed. Kom\u00fcnist Partisi, Pravda Rus\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7eviren: Eyl\u00fcl Deniz  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Venezuela, \u00c7in’in alt\u0131 temel stratejik orta\u011f\u0131ndan biri. Baz\u0131 yolda\u015flar Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019in son Venez\u00fcella sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha aktif m\u00fcdahale etmesini arzu ettiler. Oysa bug\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00fcnya durumu ABD sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 stratejileri gerektiriyor.  ABD u\u00e7ak gemileri Karayipler’de toplan\u0131rken, \u00c7in Venezuela’n\u0131n yard\u0131m talebine “sakin” bir yan\u0131t verdi; \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Venez\u00fcella\u2019ya 59,2 milyar dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m bir kumar de\u011fil, iyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir ekonomik stratejiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Petrol altyap\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli kamu i\u015fleri projelerine kadar \u00c7in, uydular, a\u015f\u0131lar ve metro ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131na destek dahil Venezuela i\u00e7in yeni bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi paradigmas\u0131 olu\u015fturdu. ABD’nin kurdu\u011fu hegemonya sava\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ekme tuza\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00c7in, ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere m\u00fcdahale etmeme ilkesini kalkan olarak ve \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131zrak olarak kullanarak, i\u015fbirli\u011fi ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerin d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131lara dayanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olan bir yol geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD u\u00e7ak gemileri Karayipler’de toplan\u0131rken, d\u00fcnyada dikkatler \u00c7in’e ve Rusya\u2019ya \u00e7evrildi. Eski d\u00fcnya durumunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen insanlar Venezuela’n\u0131n “demir gibi sa\u011flam dostlar\u0131” kritik bir anda yard\u0131m eli uzatacak m\u0131 sorusunu sordular. \u00a0\u00c7in ve Venezuela aras\u0131ndaki son 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki ili\u015fki, y\u00fczeysel olarak para\/ticaret ve i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, arkas\u0131nda daha derin bir stratejik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce var.\u00a0 \u00c7in, Venezuela’ya 59,2 milyar ABD dolar\u0131ndan fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparak \u00fclkenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik orta\u011f\u0131 oldu. Sava\u015f bulutlar\u0131 belirirken, Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00c7in’in daha m\u00fcdahaleci bir tav\u0131r sergilemesini bekliyordu, ancak \u00c7in “sakin” kalmay\u0131 ve “d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahaleye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kma” s\u00f6ylemi ile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermeyi se\u00e7ti. Bu tutum, \u00c7in’in ABD ile do\u011frudan bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmadan korktu\u011fu gibi bir alg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ancak, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 dikkatlice d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde, i\u015fler g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k\u2026Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, \u00c7in’in Venezuela’daki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 derecede b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu kabul etmek gerekir. Y\u00fcz milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k kredi ve yat\u0131r\u0131m, \u00f6ncelikle petrol ve altyap\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerine yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. \u00c7in ile birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 600\u2019e yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi projesi var. Bu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fler ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar izole de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel ticaret a\u011flar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 finansal sistemle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u011fer \u00c7in aceleci bir \u015fekilde askeri m\u00fcdahalede bulunsayd\u0131, bu, ABD’nin al\u0131\u015f\u0131lagelmi\u015f prati\u011fi olan \u00c7in\u2019e ve Venezuela\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 “ekonomik ve mali yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar” yapmas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k f\u0131rsat sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131. Bu durumda, sadece Venezuela zor durumda kalmayacak, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in’in d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m ba\u011flar\u0131 da kopabilirdi ve \u00c7in’in deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131 \u0130ran’da oldu\u011fu gibi dondurulma riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilirdi. Bir anl\u0131k heyecanla “karde\u015flik” u\u011fruna sert bir bi\u00e7emde m\u00fcdahale etmek ve ABD\u2019ye f\u0131rsat vermek olgun ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00fclke i\u00e7in kesinlikle ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir tercih olamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in’in takti\u011fi, mevcut yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nceliklendirmek, ideal hedef olarak normal i\u015fleyi\u015fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek ve en k\u00f6t\u00fc senaryonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi durumunda bile d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde kay\u0131plar\u0131 azaltmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bu ihtiyatl\u0131 tutum basit\u00e7e sald\u0131rgana teslim olmak de\u011fil, uzun vadeli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek ve \u00c7in halk\u0131n\u0131n vergi m\u00fckelleflerine kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlu bir tutum olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeli..  Asl\u0131nda, petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Venezuela’n\u0131n ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6neminde, \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen bir\u00e7ok projede b\u00fcy\u00fck mali kay\u0131plar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz; baz\u0131 \u00c7inli \u015firketler on milyonlarca dolar para kaybetti ve sonunda Venez\u00fcella\u2019dan geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. \u00c7in\u2019in bu eski tecr\u00fcbeden sonra do\u011fal olarak i\u015fleri yaparken daha temkinli olmas\u0131 mant\u0131kl\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in Sosyalist Kore D\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Kimseyle Askeri \u0130ttifak Yapmad\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in Sosyalist Kore d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimseyle askeri ittifak yapmad\u0131 ve bu t\u00fcr ittifaklar\u0131 ancak ve ancak d\u00fcnya bir sert sava\u015f d\u00f6nemine girdi\u011finde yapacakt\u0131r. \u00c7in ve Venezuela ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, siyasi, ekonomik ve diplomatik alanlarda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 deste\u011fi kapsayan stratejik ortakl\u0131kt\u0131r. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerini “her ko\u015ful alt\u0131nda stratejik ortakl\u0131k” seviyesine y\u00fckselterek, uluslararas\u0131 durum ne kadar olumsuz y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015firse de\u011fi\u015fsin, iki taraf\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fini ve ortakla\u015fa kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. \u00a0\u00c7in, Venezuela’ya metro ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve konut in\u015fa etmede, ileti\u015fim uydular\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131rlat\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu ve pandemiyle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131 ve t\u0131bbi destek sa\u011flayarak halklar\u0131n refah\u0131na daha fazla \u00f6nem verdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in-Venezuela askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7o\u011funlukla personel e\u011fitimi, ileti\u015fim ekipman\u0131, radar ve di\u011fer savunma teknolojilerine odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in, Venezuela’ya tank, f\u00fcze veya di\u011fer a\u011f\u0131r sald\u0131r\u0131 silahlar\u0131 satmad\u0131. Bu i\u015fbirli\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00c7in diplomasisi ile tutarl\u0131d\u0131r: \u00c7in di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, eski d\u00f6nemden kalma emperyalist ve hegemonyac\u0131 bir tutum olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. E\u011fer bunu kendi yaparsa di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7leri nas\u0131l ele\u015ftirecek..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri her zaman “uyu\u015fturucuyla m\u00fccadele” ve “ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele” bahanesiyle di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin i\u00e7 i\u015flerine m\u00fcdahale etmeyi al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k haline getirmi\u015ftir. Ancak \u00c7in’in mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 “herkes kendi kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki kar\u0131 temizlemeli” mant\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00c7\u0130n \u00fclkeler aras\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde egemenli\u011fi ve e\u015fitli\u011fi savunmak istiyor. \u00c7in’in m\u00fcdahale etmek i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye sava\u015f gemileri ve asker g\u00f6ndermesi, yaln\u0131zca emperyalist “orman kanunu” mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek ve on y\u0131llarca savundu\u011fu ilkelerden vazge\u00e7mek anlam\u0131na gelecekti. \u00c7in asl\u0131nda “m\u00fcdahale etmeme” duru\u015fu ile ABD’nin “b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131” stratejisinin tuza\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015f oldu.  Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00c7in ile ABD aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeyi umarak, bizzat kendi emperyalist-hegemonik m\u00fcdahalesinin ger\u00e7ek niteli\u011fini gizlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in ise, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi uluslararas\u0131 platformlarda sesini y\u00fckseltmeyi, tek tarafl\u0131 ekonomik ve siyasi yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara, ambargolara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131, diyalog ve isti\u015fare \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmay\u0131 tercih ediyor. B\u00f6ylece d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc sorunlar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmazl\u0131klarda ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olan<\/strong> daha geni\u015f bir muhalefet birli\u011fi (blok) kurmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Baz\u0131 yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, \u00c7in’in b\u00f6lgeye askeri m\u00fcdahalede bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131n Venezuela’y\u0131 tamamen terk etti\u011fi ve yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na m\u0131 geldi\u011fini soruyor. Bu tahminler bence yersiz. \u00c7in’in bug\u00fcnk\u00fc takti\u011fi, hem uzun vadeli kazan\u00e7 ve etkiyi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruyor, k\u0131sa vadeli olaylar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan bir ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctme \u00fczerinden gidiyor. Bug\u00fcn Venez\u00fcella\u2019da ba\u015fkan de\u011fi\u015febilir, ancak orada bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet olacakt\u0131r, \u00fclke, kaynaklar ve halk devam edecektir. \u00dclkenin siyasi ve ekonomik elitleri ve Venez\u00fcella halk\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019in neden ve nas\u0131l i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 asla unutmayacaklard\u0131r. \u00c7in, ABD ambargosuna kar\u015f\u0131n ticari arac\u0131lar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Venezuela petrol\u00fcn\u00fc sat\u0131n almaya devam etti ve ticaret kanallar\u0131n\u0131 korudu, otomobil ve g\u0131da\/t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131 gibi mallar da satt\u0131. Bu, Venezuela ekonomisi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir destekti. ABD ve Bat\u0131’dan gelen a\u011f\u0131r ticari ve ekonomik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara ra\u011fmen, \u00c7in, Venezuela’n\u0131n normal \u015fekilde i\u015f yapabilece\u011fi birka\u00e7 \u00f6nemli ortaktan biri kald\u0131 ve bu unutulmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in\u2019den gelen ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve diplomatik destek, Venezuela’n\u0131n sosyal istikrar\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131na ve d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 direnme yetene\u011fini art\u0131rmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan “uzun vadeli” bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131. \u00c7in Rusya ve Hindistan ile birlikte, Venezuela’n\u0131n BRICS ve Yeni Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 mekanizmalara kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da te\u015fvik etti; bu da esasen Venezuela’n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmesine ve d\u0131\u015f tecridi k\u0131rmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Bu “uzun vadeli” yakla\u015f\u0131m, k\u0131sa vadede aceleci sert \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flardan \u00e7ok daha fazla kazan\u00e7 getirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump Amerika\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n askeri maceralar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump y\u00f6netiminin s\u0131k s\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 macerac\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar ve eylemler, ABD i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir ele\u015ftiri topluyor; anketler, halk\u0131n yaln\u0131zca yakla\u015f\u0131k %30’unun Venezuela’ya kar\u015f\u0131 askeri harekat\u0131 destekledi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Meksika ve Brezilya gibi kom\u015fular\u0131 da ABD m\u00fcdahalesine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Ayr\u0131ca, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri bir\u00e7ok uluslararas\u0131 meseleye derinden kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda ve ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131 art\u0131k eskisi kadar bol de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in’in diplomatik tutumu, i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmama, b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak, kendi \u00f6nemli ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve ortakl\u0131k kurdu\u011fu \u00fclkeleri daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde desteklemektir. \u00c7in ABD ve Bat\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bask\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Rusya ile enerji, ekonomik ve ticari ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc  fakat Rusya\u2019n\u0131n operasyon sava\u015f\u0131na do\u011frudan katk\u0131da bulunmad\u0131. Bu da ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir tutumdu. \u00c7in ilerde de Venez\u00fcella\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda durmaya devam edecektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc geriye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Venezuela ve \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki kesinlikle basit bir “finansal destek\/bor\u00e7land\u0131rma” ve “faydac\u0131” ili\u015fki modeli de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 politika, tek bir anda veya tek bir yerde o an al\u0131nacak sonu\u00e7la ilgili de\u011fil, on veya yirmi y\u0131l sonraki k\u00fcresel manzaran\u0131n evrimiyle ilgili b\u00fcy\u00fck bir oyundur ve dikkatli bir satran\u00e7 oyununa benzer. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda “devrimci tutku” hemen g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fc\u00e7 Rekabeti ve \u00c7in’in Venezuela Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elbette Venezuela d\u00fc\u015ferse, Rusya Latin Amerika’da \u00f6nemli bir m\u00fcttefikini kaybedecek, Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki etkisi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zay\u0131flayacak ve potansiyel olarak Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcven zay\u0131flayacak uluslararas\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n “dostlar \u00e7evresinin” daralmas\u0131na neden olacakt\u0131r. Ancak Rusya, Ukrayna krizine derinden kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda ve Venezuela’y\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in kaynak ay\u0131racak durumda de\u011fil; bu da \u00c7in’in tutumunu \u00f6zellikle kritik hale getiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Venezuela\u2019da radikal bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi olursa, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmet eski bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6demeyebilir ve \u00c7in’e petrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda aksama olursa bu durumlar \u00c7in\u2019in enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de olumsuz etkileyecektir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, Latin Amerika \u00fclkeleri \u00c7in’in Venezuella olay\u0131na tepkisini g\u00f6zlemliyor; herhangi bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k g\u00f6sterisi \u00c7in\u2019in Latin Amerika\u2019da gelecekteki i\u015fbirli\u011fini ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcveni olumsuz etkileyecek hem jeopolitik risklere hem de ekonomik kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in ABD gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n polisi olmak istemiyor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in ABD ile G\u00fcney Amerika \u00fclkelerine g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisi yapabilirdi, ancak bunun \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir\u00e7ok engel bulunuyordu. Uluslararas\u0131 sularda seyir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yasal bir dayanak olsa da, Venezuela sular\u0131na yakla\u015fmak i\u00e7 i\u015flerine m\u00fcdahale su\u00e7lamas\u0131na ve ABD medyas\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kalabilirdi; ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in ile ABD aras\u0131ndaki gerilimleri art\u0131rabilir, \u00c7in-ABD ekonomik ili\u015fkilerinde gev\u015feme trendini baltalayabilir ve \u00c7in a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Venezuella\u2019daki alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorununu \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in’in Latin Amerika’daki etkisi, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri ile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yarar sa\u011flayan ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011finden kaynaklan\u0131yor; Yeni \u0130pek Yolu (Ku\u015fak ve Yol) giri\u015fimi ve ticari al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, Latin Amerika’da askeri g\u00f6sterilerden daha kal\u0131c\u0131 etkiler b\u0131rak\u0131yor ve \u00c7in\u2019i sempatik g\u00f6steriyor. G\u00fcney Amerika \u00fclkeleri istikrarl\u0131 ticaret ortaklar\u0131na ve g\u00fcvenilir d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131na ilgi duyuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in, uluslararas\u0131 hukuka uygun bir bi\u00e7imde deniz seyr\u00fcsefer e\u011fitim tatbikatlar\u0131 yoluyla b\u00f6lgede bir askeri varl\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir ve b\u00f6lgede bar\u0131\u015f ve istikrara olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sinyalini verebilirdi. B\u00f6yle bir hamle sonucu de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir miydi—bu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Venezuela\u2019da gelecekteki durum en nihayetinde halk\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 tutuma ba\u011fl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00c7in, ekonomik kay\u0131plar\u0131 azaltmak ve b\u00f6lgesel etkisini korumak aras\u0131nda bir denge kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in’in Venezuela’ya deste\u011fi petrol kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kredi programlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla pragmatik bir i\u015fbirli\u011fidir ve Venezuela’n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r ABD yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ekonomisini korumas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Bu destek sosyalist K\u00fcba\u2019ya verilen deste\u011fe benziyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD ve \u00c7in’in stratejileri t\u00fcmden ve temelden farkl\u0131d\u0131r: ABD Ukrayna, \u0130ran, Filistin gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde krizler yarat\u0131yor ve ard\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan durumu istismar ediyor, \u00c7in ise uzun vadeli kazan-kazan i\u015fbirli\u011fine odaklan\u0131yor. Bu e\u015fitlik\u00e7i ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 faydaya dayanan model Venezuela’da zaten sonu\u00e7 vermi\u015ftir – Venezuela’da 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda %9’u a\u015fan milli gelir b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve enflasyon 12 y\u0131l\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyesine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 yolda\u015flar Venezuela’n\u0131n hemen \u00e7\u00f6kece\u011fini ve “\u00c7in Venezuela’y\u0131 koruyamad\u0131” yaz\u0131k oldu diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu etkileyici gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, \u00c7in-Venezuela ili\u015fkilerinin niteli\u011fini ve \u00c7in’in uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerdeki eylemlerinin ard\u0131ndaki mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f anl\u0131yor.  \u00c7in ve Venezuela, siyasi, ekonomik ve diplomatik alanlarda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 deste\u011fi kapsayan stratejik ortakl\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00c7in’in Venezuela’ya deste\u011fi her zaman \u00fclkenin egemenli\u011fine sayg\u0131 ve i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmama ilkelerine dayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri Venezuela’ya kar\u015f\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar ve askeri tehditler uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00c7in’in deste\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 forumlarda Venezuela\u2019y\u0131  savundu ve hegemonik davran\u0131\u015flara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131; Venezuela’n\u0131n ekonomisini “petrol kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kredi” programlar\u0131 ile desteklerken \u00fclkenin ABD dolar\u0131na olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in RMB (\u00c7in paras\u0131 ile) \u00f6deme sistemini te\u015fvik etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u00c7in, Venezuela’y\u0131 koruyamad\u0131” diyenler, bilin\u00e7alt\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkileri “g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu” eski mant\u0131kla de\u011ferlendiriyorlar. Onlar\u0131n “koruma” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00c7in’in de ABD gibi Karayipler’e bir u\u00e7ak gemisi g\u00f6ndermesi ve ABD ordusuyla do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmesi beklentisine dayan\u0131yor. Oysa bu, yaln\u0131zca \u00c7in’in diplomatik prestijini ve savundu\u011fu temel ilkeleri ihlal etmekle kalmayacak, ayn\u0131 zamanda Venezuela’n\u0131n egemenli\u011fine de sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asl\u0131nda, \u00c7in’in Venezuela’ya verdi\u011fi destek \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furdu. Kapsaml\u0131 Bat\u0131 ablukas\u0131 alt\u0131nda, \u00c7in, Venezuela’n\u0131n ana petrol al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 haline geldi ve petrol \u00fcretiminin %85’inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131, %60’\u0131 RMB cinsinden olmak \u00fczere sat\u0131n ald\u0131. \u00c7inli \u015firketler, Venezuela’n\u0131n petrol sahalar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmesine ve tuzdan ar\u0131nd\u0131rma tesisleri ve 5G ileti\u015fim a\u011flar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere altyap\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika ise, Venezuela’ya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulayarak \u00fclkenin milli gelirinin  2014 ile 2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda %75 oran\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesine, 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda enflasyon oran\u0131n\u0131n %270’e ula\u015fmas\u0131na ve para biriminin bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde %381 de\u011fer kaybetmesine neden oldu. Ard\u0131ndan, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, Chevron gibi petrol \u015firketlerine Venezuela’n\u0131n temel varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle sat\u0131n almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in “\u00f6zel ruhsatlar” verdi. \u00d6nce kriz yarat\u0131p sonra da en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyatlardan Venezuela’n\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7ine girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in “Petrol kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kredi verme” yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla \u00c7in, hem kendi enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flad\u0131 hem de Venezuela’ya nefes alma alan\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. ABD’nin Venezuela’ya son sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte “uyu\u015fturucuyla m\u00fccadele \u00e7abalar\u0131” ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclse de arka planda iki derin amac\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r: birincisi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol rezervlerini kontrol etmek; ikincisi ise, Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131nda Monroe Doktrini’nin yeni bir versiyonunu te\u015fvik ederek \u00c7in’in Latin Amerika’daki etkisini k\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle, \u00c7in’in Venezuela’ya deste\u011fi sadece bir dost \u00fclkeye yard\u0131m etmekle ilgili de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131 adalet ve hakkaniyeti ve \u00c7in\u2019in bizzat kendi me\u015fru kalk\u0131nma haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumakla da ilgilidir. Uluslararas\u0131 toplumda, giderek artan say\u0131da \u00fclke \u00c7in’in pozisyonuna kat\u0131l\u0131yor. Rusya, \u0130ran ve \u0130spanya + 5 Latin Amerika<\/strong> \u00fclkesi ve T\u00fcrkiye ele\u015ftirel tutum ald\u0131lar ve ABD\u2019nin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n siyasi ve hukuki me\u015fruiyetten tamamen uzak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in hi\u00e7bir \u00fclkeyi s\u00f6zde “korumaya” \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc uluslar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler e\u015fitli\u011fe dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7in’in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey ihtiya\u00e7 an\u0131nda dost \u00fclkelere yard\u0131m eli uzatmak ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde adalet ve hakkaniyeti savunmakt\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00e7ok kutuplu d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninde, e\u015fitlik ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 faydaya dayal\u0131 bu i\u015f birli\u011fi modeli, askeri g\u00fc\u00e7le cayd\u0131rmaya dayal\u0131 olan hegemonyac\u0131 bir modelden \u00e7ok daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir. Venezuela’n\u0131n ABD bask\u0131s\u0131na dayan\u0131p dayanamayaca\u011f\u0131 temelde d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin “korumas\u0131na” de\u011fil, kendi i\u00e7 birli\u011fine ve y\u00f6netim kapasitesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7in’in bug\u00fcne kadar verdi\u011fi destek Venezuela’ya stratejik manevra alan\u0131 ve zaman kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak nihai kalk\u0131nma yolunun nas\u0131l bir kalk\u0131nma olaca\u011f\u0131na Venezuela halk\u0131 bizzat kendisi karar verecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusya kom\u00fcnistleri ve yurtseverleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve onuru i\u00e7in direnen Sosyalist Parti h\u00fck\u00fcmetini, Venezuella yurtseverlerini ve Venezuella halk\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer almaya devam etmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vladimir Vercinga, Rusya Fed. Kom\u00fcnist Partisi, Latin Amerika Uzman\u0131 Pravda Rus\u00e7a’dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in’in Venezuela’y\u0131 Kartala Teslim Etti\u011fi Do\u011fru De\u011fil! Vladimir Vercinga, Rusya Fed. Kom\u00fcnist Partisi, Pravda Rus\u00e7a \u00c7eviren: Eyl\u00fcl Deniz   Venezuela, \u00c7in’in alt\u0131 temel stratejik orta\u011f\u0131ndan biri. Baz\u0131 yolda\u015flar Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019in son Venez\u00fcella sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha aktif m\u00fcdahale etmesini arzu ettiler. Oysa bug\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00fcnya durumu ABD sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 stratejileri gerektiriyor.  ABD u\u00e7ak gemileri Karayipler’de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dunya-sosyalizmi","category-dunya-sosyalizmi-tr"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6104"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6110,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6104\/revisions\/6110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}