{"id":6176,"date":"2026-02-16T08:34:33","date_gmt":"2026-02-16T08:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6176"},"modified":"2026-02-16T08:36:13","modified_gmt":"2026-02-16T08:36:13","slug":"cin-abd-saldirganliginin-ve-savaslarin-arttigi-dunyayi-nasil-goruyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6176","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in ABD Sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve Sava\u015flar\u0131n Artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Nas\u0131l G\u00f6r\u00fcyor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c7in ABD Sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve Sava\u015flar\u0131n Artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Nas\u0131l G\u00f6r\u00fcyor<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Wang Yi’nin 62. M\u00fcnih G\u00fcvenlik Konferans\u0131’ndaki Konu\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcnih, 14 \u015eubat 2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarih gemisini do\u011fru rotaya sokmak i\u00e7in el ele vermeliyiz.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l boyunca, uluslararas\u0131 durum giderek daha karma\u015f\u0131k ve istikrars\u0131z hale geldi; orman kanunu ve tek tarafl\u0131l\u0131k yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131 ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f ve kalk\u0131nma davas\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir yol ayr\u0131m\u0131na getirdi. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Xi Jinping, daha adil ve e\u015fitlik\u00e7i bir k\u00fcresel y\u00f6netim sistemi kurmak i\u00e7in egemen e\u015fitlik, uluslararas\u0131 hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131k, insan ve halk merkezlilik ve eylem odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m olmak \u00fczere be\u015f ilkenin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir k\u00fcresel y\u00f6netim giri\u015fimi \u00f6nerdi. Bu giri\u015fim, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ilerleme e\u011filimine uygun olup, uluslar aras\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck ortak zemini bir araya getiriyor ve h\u0131zla geni\u015f uluslararas\u0131 destek kazanarak, insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in ortak bir gelece\u011fe sahip bir topluluk in\u015fa etmeye yeni bir ivme kazand\u0131r\u0131yor ve tarihin b\u00fcy\u00fck gemisinin f\u0131rt\u0131nalardan ge\u00e7erek daha parlak bir gelece\u011fe ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm pusulas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, bug\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu yere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok f\u0131rt\u0131nay\u0131 atlatt\u0131; dayan\u0131\u015fma en do\u011fru se\u00e7imdir. Tarihin b\u00fcy\u00fck gemisinin rotas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi reforma tabi tutmal\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi geli\u015ftirmeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi reforma tabi tutmak ve K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi geli\u015ftirmek, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler sistemini yeniden canland\u0131rmay\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, D\u00fcnya Anti-Fa\u015fist Sava\u015f\u0131’ndaki zaferin \u00f6nemli bir sonucu, atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ac\u0131 dolu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmelerinden sonra yap\u0131lan tarihi bir se\u00e7im ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin in\u015fas\u0131na en \u00e7ok \u00e7aba harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f projesidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n birlikte in\u015fa etti\u011fi bu yap\u0131, ancak bizler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilebilir ve korunabilir; onu yok etme veya y\u0131kma hakk\u0131m\u0131z yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler m\u00fckemmel olmasa da, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en evrensel ve yetkili h\u00fck\u00fcmetler aras\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BM platformunda, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck veya zenginlikten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler seslerini duyurabilir, kutsal bir oy kullanabilir, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirebilir ve e\u015fit haklardan yararlanabilir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler olmadan d\u00fcnya, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fclerin zay\u0131flar\u0131 avlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, say\u0131s\u0131z k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fclkenin hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 deste\u011fi kaybetti\u011fi bir orman benzeri varolu\u015fa geri d\u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle, bug\u00fcn en \u00e7ok yapmam\u0131z gereken \u015fey, as\u0131l \u00f6zlemlerimize geri d\u00f6nmek, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler’in \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden canland\u0131rmak, BM \u015eart\u0131’n\u0131n ama\u00e7 ve hedeflerine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak, BM sisteminin etkinli\u011fini art\u0131rmak ve BM’nin 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na daha iyi uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi reforma tabi tutman\u0131n ve K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi iyile\u015ftirmenin anahtar\u0131, t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin koordinasyon ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mevcut uluslararas\u0131 sistemin etkili bir \u015fekilde i\u015flememesinin nedeni \u00f6ncelikle Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler’in kendisinden de\u011fil, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131nda, kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n planda tutmas\u0131nda, blok \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na hevesli olmalar\u0131nda ve hatta So\u011fuk Sava\u015f zihniyetini yeniden canland\u0131rmalar\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar g\u00fcvenin temelini zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015f, i\u015fbirli\u011fi ortam\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve uluslararas\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini son derece zorla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 koordinasyon ve i\u015fbirli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 korurken ortak zemin aramal\u0131 ve kazan-kazan i\u015fbirli\u011fini hedeflemeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00e7o\u011fuldur ve \u00e7e\u015fitlidir ve \u00fclkelerin farkl\u0131 sosyal sistemlere, tarihlere, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere ve \u00e7\u0131karlara sahip olmas\u0131 son derece do\u011fald\u0131r. Diyalog ve i\u015fbirli\u011finin gerekli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni tam olarak bu farkl\u0131l\u0131klard\u0131r. Birbirimize sayg\u0131 duyabilir ve centilmen insanlar aras\u0131ndaki dostluk gibi, \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi kucaklayarak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihe bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, ister D\u00fcnya Anti-Fa\u015fist Sava\u015f\u0131’ndaki zafer, ister uluslararas\u0131 finansal krizin hafifletilmesi, ister k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine verilen yan\u0131t, ister ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele olsun, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7abalar\u0131ndaki her ilerleme, uluslar aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 a\u015fan samimi i\u015f birli\u011finin sonucudur. Birli\u011fin g\u00fc\u00e7 oldu\u011funu ve birli\u011fin umut getirdi\u011fini her zaman hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi reforma tabi tutmak ve K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi iyile\u015ftirmek her zaman \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmay\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birka\u00e7 \u00fclkenin uluslararas\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fc tekeline almas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 pop\u00fcler sayg\u0131nl\u0131k getiren bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. \u00c7ok kutuplu bir d\u00fcnyaya giriyoruz ve ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulamal\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin demokratikle\u015fmesini te\u015fvik etmeli ve k\u00fcresel meselelerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131p karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kaderinin t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan ortakla\u015fa belirlenmesini sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herkesin ayn\u0131 kurallara, yani BM \u015eart\u0131’n\u0131n ama\u00e7 ve ilkelerine dayanan uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin temel normlar\u0131na uymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z. Hak e\u015fitli\u011fini, f\u0131rsat e\u015fitli\u011fini ve kural e\u015fitli\u011fini savunmal\u0131y\u0131z ki, t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler, \u00f6zellikle de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fclkelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, uluslararas\u0131 sistemde yerlerini bulabilsin ve rollerini oynayabilsinler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulamada, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkeler \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etmelidir. \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fini te\u015fvik etmede ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131ktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmada \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmeli; kurallara uymada ve \u00e7ifte standartlardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmada \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmeli; e\u015fitli\u011fi uygulamada ve kendi iradelerini ba\u015fkalar\u0131na dayatmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmada \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmeli; ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvik etmede ve kendi tek tarafl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmada \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmelidirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel G\u00fcney kolektif bir bi\u00e7imde topluca y\u00fckseliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel G\u00fcney kolektif bir bi\u00e7imde topluca y\u00fckseliyor ve k\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fim sistemi, K\u00fcresel G\u00fcneyin seslerini daha iyi yans\u0131tmak ve temsillerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in uygun bir bi\u00e7imde geli\u015ftirilmelidir. Zaman\u0131m\u0131z, uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ne kadar demokratik olursa, d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n o kadar g\u00fcvenilir olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; ve \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131k ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa, k\u00fcresel y\u00f6netimin o kadar etkili olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimi reforme etme ve iyile\u015ftirmenin en acil g\u00f6revi sava\u015flar\u0131 durdurmak ve bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 te\u015fvik etmektir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gelece\u011fe bakarken bug\u00fcn\u00fc unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z. D\u00fcnyada ve B\u00f6lgelerde Bar\u0131\u015f olmadan k\u00fcresel y\u00f6neti\u015fimden nas\u0131l bahsedebiliriz? Bug\u00fcn bile d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 60’tan fazla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma devam ediyor, sava\u015f yaralar a\u00e7maya ve insanlar ac\u0131 \u00e7ekmeye devam ediyor. Ba\u015fkan Xi Jinping’in ortak, kapsaml\u0131, i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir g\u00fcvenlik kavram\u0131 bizi do\u011fru y\u00f6ne y\u00f6nlendiriyor. T\u00fcm taraflar bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini te\u015fvik etmeye ve huzursuzlu\u011fu k\u00f6r\u00fcklemeye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 arabuluculuk yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6zmeye ve diyalog yoluyla ortadan kald\u0131rmaya devam etmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazze’de ate\u015fkes ve yeniden yap\u0131lanman\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 hala aral\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7abalar gerektiriyor ve iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131 ve Filistin halk\u0131na adalet ve hakkaniyetin iade edilmesi uluslararas\u0131 toplumun ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sorumlulu\u011fudur. \u0130ran’daki durum Orta Do\u011fu’daki genel bar\u0131\u015f durumunu etkiliyor; t\u00fcm taraflar yeni \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tetiklemekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in ihtiyatl\u0131 davranmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ukrayna krizi nihayet diyalo\u011fa kap\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131; ilgili t\u00fcm taraflar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n temel nedenlerini ortadan kald\u0131rarak ve Avrupa’da kal\u0131c\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f ve istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flayarak kapsaml\u0131, kal\u0131c\u0131 ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmelidir. Venezuela meselesinde, uluslararas\u0131 hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn temel \u00e7izgisi a\u015f\u0131lmamal\u0131 ve ulusal egemenlik ilkesi korunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in, kendi bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l kalk\u0131nma ve geli\u015fme yoluna ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak ve di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri de ayn\u0131 yolu izlemeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rarak, bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in kararl\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in, uluslararas\u0131 adalet ve hakkaniyeti savunarak ve \u00c7in’e \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler arayarak, istikrar i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenilir bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olacakt\u0131r. \u00c7in, insan uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 kararl\u0131l\u0131kla koruyarak, d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fcresel giri\u015fimin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik ederek ve insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in ortakla\u015fa bir gelece\u011fe sahip bir topluluk in\u015fa etmeyi ilerleterek, tarihi ilerlemeyi destekleyen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak davranacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hem \u00c7in hem de Avrupa, k\u00f6kl\u00fc medeniyetlere sahip olup \u00e7ok kutuplu bir d\u00fcnyada vazge\u00e7ilmez kutuplard\u0131r. Se\u00e7imlerimiz, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gelece\u011fi ve kaderi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7ok kutuplula\u015fma ve ekonomik k\u00fcreselle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde \u00c7in ve Avrupa, d\u00fc\u015fman de\u011fil, ortakt\u0131r. Bu noktay\u0131 sa\u011flam bir \u015fekilde kavrad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcrece, zorluklar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda do\u011fru se\u00e7imler yapabilir, uluslararas\u0131 toplumun par\u00e7alanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilir ve insan medeniyetinin s\u00fcrekli ilerlemesini sa\u011flayabiliriz. Tarihin gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek ve daha iyi bir d\u00fcnya yaratmak i\u00e7in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m!<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in ABD Sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve Sava\u015flar\u0131n Artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Nas\u0131l G\u00f6r\u00fcyor \u00c7in D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Wang Yi’nin 62. M\u00fcnih G\u00fcvenlik Konferans\u0131’ndaki Konu\u015fmas\u0131 M\u00fcnih, 14 \u015eubat 2026 Tarih gemisini do\u011fru rotaya sokmak i\u00e7in el ele vermeliyiz. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l boyunca, uluslararas\u0131 durum giderek daha karma\u015f\u0131k ve istikrars\u0131z hale geldi; orman kanunu ve tek tarafl\u0131l\u0131k yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131 ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sosyalist-ulkeler"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6176"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6178,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6176\/revisions\/6178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6176"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}