{"id":6379,"date":"2026-04-22T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T13:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6379"},"modified":"2026-04-22T13:33:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T13:33:01","slug":"cin-toplumu-tuketimcilik-hastaligina-karsi-yapilacaklari-tartisiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/?p=6379","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in Toplumu T\u00fcketimcilik Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Yap\u0131lacaklar\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c7in Toplumu T\u00fcketimcilik Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Yap\u0131lacaklar\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in, hen\u00fcz t\u00fcketim toplumu olmaktan uzak olsa da, bug\u00fcn  \u201ct\u00fcketimcilik\u201d hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme zaman\u0131 geldi<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Derleyen: Eyl\u00fcl Deniz, Nisan 2026<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Londra \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden tarih\u00e7i Frank Trentman, ilk olarak 2016’da yay\u0131nlanan Metalar \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, \u00c7in’in t\u00fcketim seviyelerinin 1990’larda iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karken, tasarruflar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yani \u00c7in\u2019de hala t\u00fcketim de\u011fil yat\u0131r\u0131m oldu\u011funu ve bunun \u00c7in ekonomisini y\u00f6nlendiren motor g\u00fc\u00e7 oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, 1990’larda ba\u015flayan kurumsal reformlar, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve konut maliyetlerinde \u00f6zel hane halklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde artan y\u00fckler olu\u015fturarak \u00c7in halk\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131. 2006 ile 2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, hane halk\u0131n\u0131n mal ve hizmetlere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 harcamalar\u0131n Milli Gelire katk\u0131s\u0131  %42’den %35’e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde bu katk\u0131 \u00c7in’in iki kat\u0131 ve Asya’n\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerinde ise %50 civar\u0131nda. Bu nedenle \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Trentman, \u00c7in’in t\u00fcketimciler taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, tutumlu ve endi\u015feli hesap yapan t\u00fcketiciler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirildi\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc ekonomist Profes\u00f6r Liang Jie, ki\u015fisel finansal planlaman\u0131n iki ana bile\u015feninin t\u00fcketim ve tasarruf oldu\u011funu ve Do\u011fu Asya genelinde y\u00fcksek tasarruf oran\u0131n\u0131n belirgin bir trend oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Son y\u0131llarda \u00c7in\u2019de baz\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 savurgan t\u00fcketim \u00f6rnekleri geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olsa da, genel olarak \u00c7in halk\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcketimi, \u00f6zellikle film, tiyatro ve kitap gibi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel t\u00fcketim alanlar\u0131nda hala y\u00fcksek de\u011fil ve bu da \u00c7in\u2019in t\u00fcketim toplumundan hala \u00e7ok uzak oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcketime k\u0131yasla \u00c7in halk\u0131 tasarrufu tercih ediyor ve tasarruflar\u0131n\u0131 ekonomik faaliyetlere yat\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yor. \u00dcnl\u00fc kad\u0131n yazar Ma Ling, Anglo-Amerikan \u00fclkelerinin 1960’larda t\u00fcketim toplumuna bu kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde girmesinin nedeninin, bu \u00fclkelerdeki liberal sistemlerin sosyal refahla desteklenmesi oldu\u011funu analiz ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00fclkelerde sosyal g\u00fcvenlik a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesi insanlara t\u00fcketme konusunda g\u00fcven verni\u015fti. Ancak 1980’lerin neoliberal reformlar\u0131ndan sonra, refah kesintileri konut, e\u011fitim ve sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rd\u0131 ve bu da ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak “refah toplumu”nun s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etki yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc kad\u0131n yazar Ma Ling, Macar filozof Luk\u00e1cs’\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fer veriyor. Ma Ling, \u00c7in’in hen\u00fcz bir t\u00fcketim toplumu olarak kabul edilmeyebilece\u011fini ancak t\u00fcketimcilik \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor; t\u00fcketim toplumuna dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemiz ve ele\u015ftirimiz, ger\u00e7ekten bu kadar \u00e7ok \u015feye ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve maddi mallar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00fcretimi ve t\u00fcketiminden kaynaklanan \u00e7evresel sorunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l ele almam\u0131z gerekti\u011fi \u00fczerine kurulu. “Bat\u0131’n\u0131n t\u00fcketim toplumu \u00fczerine ele\u015ftirileri ikinci el e\u015fyalar ve payla\u015f\u0131m ekonomisi gibi somut eylemlere zaten d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00c7in’de bunlar \u015fu anda sadece b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor olabilir, ancak \u00e7evreci bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakarsak bu daha da ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ktisat\u00e7\u0131 Liang Jie, \u00e7evre koruma konusundaki akademik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cmaddi arzular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilece\u011fimizi ve gelecek nesillerin refah\u0131 i\u00e7in ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tahamm\u00fcl edebilece\u011fimizi ve buna g\u00f6re uygun politikalar uygulayabilece\u011fimiz\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.  “Bu, akademide hala tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir soru. Net bir cevab\u0131m yok, ancak herkesin bu konuya dikkat etmesi gerekir.”  \u201cSon y\u0131llarda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fimi ve hava ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 felaketlerin, \u00e7evre koruman\u0131n sadece ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde veya \u00fclke liderlerin tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mesele olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her birimizle yak\u0131ndan ilgili bir mesele oldu\u011funu ve di\u011fer \u00f6nemli sosyal konular kadar dikkatimizi hak etti\u011fini giderek daha fazla insan\u0131n fark etmesine\u201d neden oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc Marksist Luk\u00e1cs, piyasa tak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftu; sosyalist bir ekonomi hedef de\u011fil, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha yeni bir a\u015famaya evrimi i\u00e7in sadece bir \u00f6n ko\u015fuldur. Luk\u00e1cs\u2019\u0131n bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemi, toplum belirli bir maddi d\u00fczeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda manevi aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n daha de\u011ferli hale geldi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r. Bu perspektiften bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, t\u00fcketim toplumunun yayg\u0131n maddiyat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken, maddi gereksinimlerin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ip  manevi ihtiya\u00e7lara da dikkat etmeliyiz. Prof. Liang Jie, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde baz\u0131 \u201ct\u00fcketicilerin, sergileri ziyaret etmek gibi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel t\u00fcketimle me\u015fgul olurken bile, \u00f6ncelikle foto\u011fraf payla\u015fmay\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri\u015f yapmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBu t\u00fcr g\u00f6steri\u015f\u00e7i t\u00fcketim verimli de\u011fil ve siz de ger\u00e7ek anlamda zevk alm\u0131yorsunuz. Bu g\u00f6steri\u015fli t\u00fcketimi azalt\u0131p k\u00fclt\u00fcrel t\u00fcketime ger\u00e7ekten yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabilirsek, hem bireyler hem de toplum i\u00e7in olumlu bir olgu olacakt\u0131r.” “T\u00fcketiciler olarak, zihniyetimizde bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik gerekli. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019deki sorunlar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri, se\u00e7enek eksikli\u011fi de\u011fil, bizi b\u00fcy\u00fcleyen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 se\u00e7enek bollu\u011fudur. \u0130nsanlar her zaman yoksunluk ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7ma aras\u0131nda gidip gelir; makul bir orta yol bulmak en iyi yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7KP\u2019nin merkezi gazetesi Halk\u0131n G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nde yay\u0131nlanan bir yaz\u0131da ge\u00e7en pasaja g\u00f6re:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birincisi, sosyalist ideoloji ve manevi d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n zenginle\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, kendimize ak\u0131\u015fa b\u0131rakmamal\u0131 , s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve m\u00fccadele ruhunu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde te\u015fvik etmeli ve hazc\u0131 hedonizmin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kincisi, t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcreticileri olarak \u015firketler, pazar pay\u0131 pe\u015finde ko\u015farken sosyal sorumluluklar\u0131na da dikkat etmeli. \u015eirketler insanlar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketim tuza\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in abart\u0131l\u0131 reklamlar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli pazarlama taktikleri kullanarak, k\u00e2r elde etmek i\u00e7in ahlak d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvuramazlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, t\u00fcketiciler i\u00e7in, menkul k\u0131ymetler piyasas\u0131ndaki “yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 e\u011fitimi” gibi, “t\u00fcketici e\u011fitimine\u201d de  \u00f6ncelik verilmelidir. Bu, \u00f6zellikle hen\u00fcz geli\u015fim a\u015famas\u0131nda olan gen\u00e7ler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir; onlar\u0131 rasyonel t\u00fcketim de\u011ferleri olu\u015fturmaya y\u00f6nlendirmek, \u00f6zerkliklerini ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek ve toplumdaki t\u00fcketim trendlerini k\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00f6r\u00fcne takip etmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak zorunludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, finans ve di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerde, t\u00fcketimcili\u011fi ele almak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 pratik \u00f6nlemler ve y\u00f6ntemler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir; \u00f6rne\u011fin, kredi notu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve geri \u00f6deme yetene\u011fi olmayan bireylerin kredi kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamak ve onlar i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek kredi onay e\u015fikleri belirlemek gibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Be\u015finci olarak, insanlar\u0131n daha \u00fcst d\u00fczey manevi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in, derin manevi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlara sahip \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcketim kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eren daha kapsaml\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. T\u00fcketimcilik, insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamada “k\u0131sayollar” kullanarak zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, buna do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131 koymal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sadece para ve maddi \u015feylerle de\u011fil, daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yollarla insanlar aras\u0131nda g\u00fcven, ilgi ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulabilece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z; bu g\u00f6revi tamamen piyasa sistemine b\u0131rakmak yerine, bireysel de\u011feri \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yeni sosyal ve ahlaki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler olu\u015fturmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in ideal bir kendini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme sistemi kurmal\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in tek g\u00f6sterge olarak zenginlik ve t\u00fcketim miktar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma tercihini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeliyiz. Bu hedeflere bir gecede ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir; s\u00fcrekli ve kararl\u0131 \u00e7abalar gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in Toplumu T\u00fcketimcilik Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Yap\u0131lacaklar\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor \u00c7in, hen\u00fcz t\u00fcketim toplumu olmaktan uzak olsa da, bug\u00fcn  \u201ct\u00fcketimcilik\u201d hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme zaman\u0131 geldi Derleyen: Eyl\u00fcl Deniz, Nisan 2026 Londra \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden tarih\u00e7i Frank Trentman, ilk olarak 2016’da yay\u0131nlanan Metalar \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, \u00c7in’in t\u00fcketim seviyelerinin 1990’larda iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karken, tasarruflar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yani \u00c7in\u2019de hala t\u00fcketim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sosyalist-ulkeler"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6379"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6380,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6379\/revisions\/6380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marksizm.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}